Why do certain patents require translation?
Daniel Becker, Patent Attorney and Early-stage Engineering (2013-present)
Because they are not in English? The USPTO will only grant patents on applications written in English. If an application was written for prosecution in a patent system which does not require english, then the application will only exist in the foreign language. To be able to claim the benefit of those applications, for a domestic prosecution (process of obtaining a patent), then the disclosure must be adequately similar to the foreign application, and a translation makes the documents able to stand as adequately related for the domestic prosecution.
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Daniel Becker, Patent Attorney and Intellectual Property Attorney 